微卫星DNA(MicrosatelliteDNA)，又称为短小串联重复(Shorttandemrepeats,STR)或简单重复序列(Simplerepeatsequence,SRS或SSR)，广泛存在于原核生物和真核生物基因组中，常见的有二、三、四核苷酸重复序列，约占真核生物基因组的5%，其基本构成单元(核心序列)为1–6bp。其中最为常见的是双核苷酸重复即(CA)n和(TG)n，人类基因组约有5×104～1×105个(CA)ｎ重复序列，占10%。每个微卫星DNA的核心序列结构相同，重复单位数目约为10～60次，其长度一般不超过300bp，多位于基因非编码区、内含子或非翻译区，可存在于Ａlu序列中或卫星序列中，但在编码序列及外显子中也可找到。微卫星DNA的高度多态性主要来源于串联数目的不同。关于微卫星DNA多态性产生的机制，目前普遍认为是DNA复制过程中滑动或DNA复制和修复时链滑动与互补链碱基错配，导致一个或几个重复单位的缺失或插入。
微卫星DNA是近年来飞速发展起来的一种新型的DNA高度多态性遗传标记系统，具有种类多分布广泛、高度多态性、杂合性高、重组率低的特点，在群体中变异范围大，构成了丰富的长度多态性，有高度的个体特异性，并遵循孟德尔共显性遗传规律，提供了众多有高度遗传信息的新的多态性标记。这种多态性标记已广泛用于构建人类遗传图谱、法医学亲子鉴定、遗传疾病和肿瘤发生机制的研究、疾病相关基因、疾病连锁基因和易感基因的研究、以及疾病诊断等等。STR现在之所以流行是因为仪器容易识别，得到结果相对快速，突变率低，以及很高的区别能力（平均每个STR有将近10个等位基因）等等原因，所以在10来年前被正式采用，成为建立各国罪犯DNA数据库的基础。
现在ATCC也提供STR图谱分析服务了
With over 20 years of STR profiling experience, ATCC knows what cell culturists are looking for in authentication - an affordable, fast and easy service from a trusted leader in cell line quality control. That's why the ATCC STR Testing Service now provides the ATCC FTA Sample Collection Kit, an all-in-one solution for DNA isolation, storage and transport. We've taken all the guess work out of getting STR results for your grants, publications and peace-of-mind!
http://www.atcc.org/Services/STRProfilingService/tabid/1794/Default.aspx
ATCC knows what cell culturists are looking for in authentication - an affordable, fast and easy service from a trusted leader in cell line quality control.
Short Tandem Repeat profiling, or STR profiling, is a rapid, reproducible and standardized PCR-based method for the unambiguous identification or authentication of human cell lines with resolution down to the individual donor. And as misidentified cell lines continue to plague research, authentication of human cell lines via STR profile analysis is becoming a requirement of many journals and funding agencies.
Many continuous cell lines — especially cancer cell lines — are karyotypically abnormal or genetically unstable, making data interpretation difficult. Take advantage of our decades of experience with STR profiling and our unmatched expertise in interpreting data from over a thousand cancer cell lines. Send your human cell lines to the ATCC Cell Authentication Testing Service for STR profile analysis.
How it Works
- Contact us at STRtesting@atcc.org or 800-638-6597 to get an order confirmation number.
- Complete the STR Profiling Order Form and include your confirmation number.
- Prepare an FTA card sample or purified human genomic DNA sample according to the Sample Preparation Instructions.
- Send your samples and completed order form to the ATCC Cell Authentication Testing Service.
- We will isolate and amplify your DNA using the Promega PowerPlex® 16 HS System and analyze the results using Genemapper® ID 3.2.1 software from Applied Biosystems™.
Powerful Results
The Basic STR Profiling Service ($195) includes a signed Cell Line Authentication Report containing:
- Easy-to-understand STR allele table
- Electropherograms that support the allele calls at each locus
The Verified STR Profiling Service ($295) includes a signed Cell Line Authentication Report containing:
- Easy-to-understand STR allele table
- Electropherograms that support the allele calls at each locus
- Known reference profiling against the ATCC STR Profile database
- Comprehensive interpretation of your results
Results are sent within 5 business days from receipt of your sample.
PowerPlex is a registered trademark of the Promega Corporation.
Genemapper ID is a registered trademark of Applied Biosystems™.
ATCC Contact Information
ATCC
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Web Site: http://www.atcc.org
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